* Introduction & Overview
Blockchains: How They Work and Why They’ll Change the World: https://spectrum.ieee.org/computing/networks/blockchains-how-they-work-and-why-theyll-change-the-world
Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies: https://d28rh4a8wq0iu5.cloudfront.net/bitcointech/readings/princeton_bitcoin_book.pdf
Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
Blockchain Technology Overview: https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/nistir/8202/final#pubs-documentation
SoK: Research Perspectives and Challenges for Bitcoin and Cryptocurrencies: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7163021/
Untangling Blockchain: A Data Processing View of Blockchain Systems: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8246573/
* Scalability & Performance
Blockchains from a Distributed Computing Perspective: http://cs.brown.edu/courses/csci2952-a/papers/perspective.pdf
A Secure Sharding Protocol For Open Blockchains: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2978389
Bitcoin-NG: A Scalable Blockchain Protocol: https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/nsdi16/nsdi16-paper-eyal.pdf
BLOCKBENCH: A Framework for Analyzing Private Blockchains: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3064033
Hyperledger fabric: a distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3190538
The Bitcoin Lightning Network:
Scalable Off-Chain Instant Payments: https://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf
* Consensus algorithms
Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance: http://pmg.csail.mit.edu/papers/osdi99.pdf
Algorand: Scaling Byzantine Agreements for Cryptocurrencies: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3132757
The Stellar Consensus Protocol: A Federated Model for Internet-level Consensus: https://cdn.relayto.com/media/files/bHseNPaMRnmuKKqyO8hT_stellar-consensus-protocol.pdf
Majority is not enough: Bitcoin mining is vulnerable: https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.0243
SoK: Consensus in the Age of Blockchains: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.03936.pdf
* Security & Privacy
Zerocash: Decentralized Anonymous Payments from Bitcoin: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6956581/
On the Security and Performance of Proof of Work Blockchains: https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2976749.2978341
* Smart contracts
Step by Step Towards Creating a Safe Smart Contract: Lessons and Insights from a Cryptocurrency Lab: http://fc16.ifca.ai/bitcoin/papers/DAKMS16.pdf
Solidity: https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
Ethereum Development Tutorial: https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Ethereum-Development-Tutorial
ZEUS: Analyzing Safety of Smart Contracts: http://wp.internetsociety.org/ndss/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/2018/02/ndss2018_09-1_Kalra_paper.pdf
teEther: Gnawing at Ethereum to Automatically Exploit Smart Contracts: https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/krupp